If there is been 1 immutable rule throughout American tv history, it's been area news. Just about from the moment the station very first signed on air, they commenced carrying local news where by sports constantly performed An important function. A lack of dependable programming resources in these early many years led a lot of stations to show to sporting activities to fill their broadcasting schedules. New York's WNBT television signed on to broadcast in July 1941, and its 1st broadcast was a professional baseball recreation ("NBC Historical past", 2003). When acquiring local newscasts to fit their audience, these stations generally involved sporting activities and weather. For instance, in 1961 WKMG commenced its 1st whole-time information Office in Orlando. Newscasts involve Frank Vaught's sporting activities reports ("The history of," 2003).
Sports have held a dominant position in local news broadcasting for several years, but recent business trends have called into question this position. Segmented audiences, changing demographics, and declining information profitability have compelled the station to reexamine its community athletics section. “Sports activities is amongst the previous areas of TV where people today do matters how they constantly have,” states television govt Elliott Wiser. “(Currently) a whole new strategy is needed” (Deggans, 2000).
Trouble for Community Tv set News
미국인들에게 뉴스의 주요 제공자로서 텔레비전의 패권을 위협하는 몇 가지 요인이 결합되었습니다. Challenge for Excellence in Journalism(2002)에서 수행한 연구에 따르면 텔레비전 뉴스 방송이 시청자를 잃고 있습니다. 1998년에는 방송국의 two/3가 지역 뉴스 방송 시청률이 감소했다고 보고했습니다. 2002년까지 그 수치는 seventy six%로 증가했습니다. 2001년 9월 테러 이후에도 지역 뉴스 시청률은 7% 떨어졌다.
인터넷, 케이블 채널 및 가정용 위성과 같은 미디어 소스의 출현은 시청자에게 뉴스 대안을 제공했습니다. Radio and tv News Director’s Affiliation(“Shifting channels”, 1996)의 연구에 따르면, “대중의 상당 부분이 정기적으로 다른 다양한 소스에 귀를 기울입니다.”
점점 더 많은 방송국이 대형 미디어 회사에 의해 통제됨에 따라 지역 텔레비전 뉴스도 수익 지향적이 되었습니다. 예를 들어, 2002년 첫 몇 주 동안 세 개의 방송국 그룹은 자회사 방송국에서 지역 뉴스를 완전히 제거하기로 결정했습니다(Trigoboff, 2002). Television 뉴스 컨설턴트인 짐 윌리는 "대혁명이 일어날 것 같다"고 말했다. "같은 시장에서 동시에 four~5개의 뉴스 방송을 해야 합니까?" (Trigoboff, 2002).
Problem for Community Television Sporting activities
None of this is Great news to the local tv sports sector, and that is more and more less than scrutiny from station execs. In spite of its traditional existence inside of area newscasts, sports activities have extensive been deemed a "tuning" factor. In line with a study through the Radio and tv News Directors Basis, only 31% of viewers reported they had been 'pretty interested' in athletics and 32% were being 'fairly intrigued' ("Journalism and Ethics", 1998). This compares to seventy two% who expressed interest while in the temperature. "Sports are really polarizing." reported television news specialist Brent Magid. “The bulk can settle for, leave, or despise” (Greppi, 2002).
Reports have revealed that Ladies are much a lot less interested in sports activities than Gentlemen (Gantz and Wenner, 1991; Perse, 1992), and several stations have acted appropriately. In 2000, Tampa's WTSP dropped the Activity from its early evening newscasts. Based on station news director Jim Church, "Telling a story when no-one is listening will not be a very good usage of air time" (Deggans, 2000).
Some stations have eliminated the sport, while some have reduced their allotted time. 스포츠중계 According to the day on the 7 days (weekends have far more athletics time), athletics segments have ordinarily been given concerning a few and 5 minutes of community information coverage. Given that selection is all the way down to a few moment. In 2002, Pittsburgh's KDKA Minimize enough time for sports activities by just 3 as well as a fifty percent minutes for three several hours of stories. Some others from the sector have carried out new ways, like sports tales that concentration additional on men and women than scores or cater into a wider information viewers. "What we're attempting to do now could be take care of athletics as news," says KDKA information director Al Blinke. “We want to do some thing further than athletics” (Finder, 2002).
Discussion
스포츠 부문에서 일어나고 있는 변화는 시간 할당보다 콘텐츠, 스타일 및 프레젠테이션과 더 관련이 있습니다. 아마도 시청자에게 모든 스포츠 네트워크와 대조되는 것을 제공하기 위한 노력의 일환으로, 지역 TV 스포츠는 지역 이야기, 운동 선수 및 이벤트에 더 초점을 맞추고 있으며 일반 스포츠 팬을 위해 보다 기능 지향적이고 시청자 친화적인 보도를 만들고 있습니다. 전형적인 반응은 Midwest의 뉴스 디렉터가 “우리는 스포츠가 비스포츠 팬들에게 흥미로웠으면 합니다. 여기서 스포츠는 뉴스이고 커뮤니티입니다. 많은 케이블 스포츠 채널이 제공하는 것과는 반대로 시청자에게 지역 정보를 제공하십시오. 우리만이 현지에 갈 수 있습니다. 그들은 할 수 없습니다.”
지역 텔레비전 스포츠의 미래에 대해 뉴스 감독들은 이 연구에 대해 지금과 가까운 미래의 두 가지 뚜렷한 시간 프레임을 제안하는 더 비관적이었고, 지역 텔레비전 스포츠는 안전해 보이지만 뉴스 감독들은 그것을 매우 짧은 기간에 묶었습니다. 한 뉴스 디렉터는 이렇게 말했습니다. 지금은 하기 싫지만 앞으로는 할 수 있을 것”이라고 말했다.
Implications
Variations in regional sports may very well be a reflection of the huge upheaval happening all over broadcast news. If the athletics sector is no longer Safe and sound, what about other information components? CBS Team News Vice chairman Joel Cheatwood (Trigoboff, 2002) said, “[All of this] forces us to reexamine the [information] model.”
On a more speedy degree, changes while in the local athletics sector directly influence thousands of aspiring sportscasters. Stations that happen to be reducing their motivation to sporting activities can also be cutting down their sports workforce amounts, which impacts The work industry. A further news director mentioned, "[Athletics on newscasts] is dying." “We went from two full-time sportsmen to one entire-time, one in control of the information a few times a week, and it was a combat to remain there.”
Similarly important, adjustments in the best way sporting activities are introduced are forcing sports broadcasters to find out new approaches. No more can sportscasters deal with scoring. They have to create the presentation a lot more participating for normal enthusiasts. This is certainly also vital for journalism colleges across the country, which must document what stations want inside the sports activities sector and update their education curricula.
Will these alterations get the job done or persist? Athletics journalist Chuck Finder (2002) commented to the transform in KDKA, “Permit’s reserve closing judgment until eventually September, if the Steelers, faculty, and high school football seasons start in earnest. Then the station will likely be . There's an error in clock administration.”